Una flota de naves espaciales ha captado cómo la roca helada ha conseguido atravesar intacta la corona solar a varios millones de grados después de que los científicos anunciaran su destrucción
Comet Lovejoy startled scientists by surviving it sun-grazing cruise around the Sun and back into space (Dec. 15-16, 2011). This was the brightest sun-grazing comet that STEREO or SOHO has ever observed. Its survivability might be partly explained by the size of its core, an estimated 2 football fields wide, about 10 times larger than other Kreutz comets, the family of comets to which it belonged. It flew about ½ solar radii or roughly 100,000 km above the surface of the Sun where temperatures are something around 1 million degrees. The first video clip shows its trip as observed by the STEREO Ahead coronagraph covers about 40 hours. The side-by-side still image shows the comet and its extensive as it approaches the Sun, and then again as it is heading out into space with a much smaller tail. Note that the tail of the comet pointed away from the Sun, no matter which way it was headed due to the pressure from the solar wind.
The next video chows the comet as viewed simultaneously by the wider field of view coronagraph (red), sandwiched with the smaller COR1 corongraph (green), and the Sun in extreme UV light all from the Ahead spacecraft. Finally, we show the comet itself with a close-up view as it whips around the Sun in extreme UV light.
«Es absolutamente asombroso». El científico Karl Battams, del Laboratorio de Investigación Naval en Washington DC (EE UU), no daba crédito a lo que acababa de suceder. Lovejoy, un cometa detectado hace muy poco, el 2 de diciembre, estaba destinado a desintegrarse tras pasar durante cerca de una hora por la corona solar a varios millones de grados. Sin embargo, el núcleo helado del cometa ha resultado ser lo suficientemente grande -casi del doble de ancho que un campo de fútbol- como para soportar las terribles temperaturas y sobrevivir a su acercamiento al Sol.
La misión Kepler, de la NASA, ha confirmado la existencia del primer planeta dentro de la “zona habitable” de una estrella distante similar al Sol.
The Kepler space observatory found in the planetary system Kepler-22, 600 light years, the first planet located in the “habitable zone”, an area in which, by its distance from its sun, may be liquid water, as announced NASA on Monday at a news conference.
Scientists at the Ames Research Center NASA also announced that Kepler has identified 1,000 new “candidate” to planet, ten of which have a similar size to Earth and orbiting in the habitable zone of its star’s solar system, that is, neither too close nor too far from a star.
The planet, Kepler-22b, is the smallest found by spacecraft orbiting in the “habitable zone” where temperatures-that allow life-of a star similar to Earth.
It’s bigger than Earth and has not yet been determined whether it is rocky, gaseous or liquid, but said the deputy director of Ames science team, Natalie Batalha, “we are getting closer to finding an Earth-like planet “. The Kepler had previously hinted at the existence of planets about the size of ours orbiting in “habitable zones” but this is the first time it finds.
Scientists also updated the number of candidate planets, that since you started developing the list in 2009 has increased to 2326. Of these, 207 are about the size of the Earth and 680 are larger and are called “super-Earths.”
Of the remainder, 1,181 are the size of Neptune, 203 are equivalent to the size of Jupiter and 55 are still larger than the planet, the largest in our solar system.
Launched in March 2009, the Kepler mission is to collect data and evidence of planets orbiting around stars with average temperature conditions where liquid water can exist and therefore, life.
Kepler detects planets and planet candidates by measuring dips in the brightness of 150,000 stars observed to see whether they pass in front of their stars, a movement known as transit.
However, this is not enough and to verify the sign of a planet is necessary for the observatory captures three transits to start the process to determine whether or not a possible planet.
El observatorio espacial Kepler encontró en el sistema planetario Kepler-22, a 600 años luz, el primer planeta situado en la llamada “zona habitable”, un área en la que, por su distancia a su sol, puede haber agua líquida, según anunció este lunes la NASA en una rueda de prensa.
Los científicos del Centro de Investigación Ames de la NASA anunciaron además que Kepler ha identificado 1.000 nuevos “candidatos” a planeta, diez de los cuales tienen un tamaño similar al de la Tierra y orbitan en la zona habitable de la estrella de su sistema solar, esto es, ni demasiado cerca ni demasiado lejos de una estrella.
El planeta, Kepler-22b, es el más pequeño hallado por la sonda espacial orbitando en la “zona habitable” -aquella donde las temperaturas permiten la vida- de una estrella similar a la de la Tierra.
Es más grande que la Tierra y todavía no se ha determinado si es rocoso, gaseoso o líquido, pero, según dijo la subdirectora del equipo científico del Centro Ames, Natalie Batalha, “estamos cada vez más cerca de encontrar un planeta parecido a la Tierra”. El Kepler ya había dado pistas anteriormente de la existencia de planetas de un tamaño parecido al del nuestro orbitando en “zonas habitables” pero ésta es la primera que vez que se constata.
Asimismo, los científicos actualizaron la cifra de los candidatos a planetas, que desde que se comenzó a elaborar la lista en 2009 ha aumentado hasta 2.326. De ellos, 207 tienen un tamaño aproximado al de la Tierra y 680 son mayores y se denominan “súper Tierras”.
Del resto, 1.181 tienen el tamaño de Neptuno, 203 son equivalentes a las dimensiones de Júpiter y 55 son todavía más grandes que este planeta, el mayor de nuestro Sistema Solar.
Lanzada en marzo de 2009, la misión de Kepler es recoger datos y pruebas de planetas que orbitan alrededor de estrellas con condiciones de temperatura medias donde pueda existir agua líquida y, por tanto, vida.
Kepler detecta los planetas y los candidatos a planeta mediante la medición de las caídas en el brillo de más de 150.000 estrellas que observan para analizar si éstos pasan por delante de sus estrellas, un movimiento conocido como tránsito.
No obstante, eso no es suficiente y para verificar la señal de un planeta es necesario que el observatorio capte tres tránsitos para iniciar el proceso que determine si se trata o no de un posible planeta.
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Rare Clear View of Alaska
On most days, relentless rivers of clouds wash over Alaska, obscuring most of the state's 6,640 miles (10,690 kilometers) of coastline and 586,000 square miles (1,518,000 square kilometers) of land. The south coast of Alaska even has the dubious distinction of being the cloudiest region of the United States, with some locations averaging more than 340 cloudy days per year. That was certainly not the case on June 17, 2013, the date that the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA's Terra satellite acquired this rare, nearly cloud-free view of the state. The absence of clouds exposed a striking tapestry of water, ice, land, forests, and even wildfires. Snow-covered mountains such as the Alaska Range and Chugach Mountains were visible in southern Alaska, while the arc of mountains that make up the Brooks Range dominated the northern part of the state. The Yukon River -- the longest in Alaska and the third longest in the United States -- wound its way through the green boreal forests that inhabit the interior of the state. Plumes of sediment and glacial dust poured into the Gulf of Alaska from the Copper River. And Iliamna Lake, the largest in Alaska, was ice free. The same ridge of high pressure that cleared Alaska's skies also brought stifling temperatures to many areas accustomed to chilly June days. Talkeetna, a town about 100 miles north of Anchorage, saw temperatures reach 96°F (36°C) on June 17. Other towns in southern Alaska set all-time record highs, including Cordova, Valez, and Seward. The high temperatures also helped fuel wildfires and hastened the breakup of sea ice in the Chukchi Sea.Image Credit: NASA/Jeff Schmaltz, LANCE MODIS Rapid Response Team, NASA GSFCCaption: Adam Voiland Read More
